Given \(\boldsymbol{\sin\left(\alpha+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=\frac{1}{3}}\), evaluate \(\boldsymbol{\cos\left(\frac{2\pi}{3}-2\alpha\right)}\).
已知 \(\boldsymbol{\sin\left(\alpha+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=\frac{1}{3}}\),求 \(\boldsymbol{\cos\left(\frac{2\pi}{3}-2\alpha\right)}\)。
解答
- 角度配凑令 \(\boldsymbol{\theta=\alpha+\frac{\pi}{6}}\),则 \(2\theta=2\alpha+\frac{\pi}{3}\)\(\frac{2\pi}{3}-2\alpha=\boldsymbol{\pi-\left(2\alpha+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=\pi-2\theta}\)
- 诱导公式\(\cos(\pi-2\theta)=-\cos2\theta\)
- 二倍角公式\(\cos2\theta=1-2\sin^2\theta\)代入 \(\sin\theta=\frac13\):\(\cos2\theta=1-2\times\left(\frac13\right)^2=\frac79\)因此\(\boldsymbol{\cos\left(\frac{2\pi}{3}-2\alpha\right)=-\frac79}\)
Calculate \(\boldsymbol{\frac{3-\sin70^\circ}{2-\cos^210^\circ}}\).
计算 \(\boldsymbol{\frac{3-\sin70^\circ}{2-\cos^210^\circ}}\)。
解答
- 互余转化 + 降幂公式\(\sin70^\circ=\cos20^\circ\),\(\boldsymbol{\cos^210^\circ=\frac{1+\cos20^\circ}{2}}\)分母:\(2-\cos^210^\circ=2-\frac{1+\cos20^\circ}{2}=\frac{3-\cos20^\circ}{2}\)
- 代入化简分子:\(3-\sin70^\circ=3-\cos20^\circ\)\(\frac{3-\cos20^\circ}{\frac{3-\cos20^\circ}{2}}=\boldsymbol{2}\)
If \(\boldsymbol{3\cos2\alpha=4\sin\left(\alpha+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)}\), find \(\boldsymbol{\sin2\alpha}\).
若 \(\boldsymbol{3\cos2\alpha=4\sin\left(\alpha+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)}\),求 \(\boldsymbol{\sin2\alpha}\)。
解答
- 利用三角恒等展开:\(\sin\left(\alpha+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}(\sin\alpha+\cos\alpha)\),因此 \(4\sin\left(\alpha+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=2\sqrt{2}(\sin\alpha+\cos\alpha)\)\(\cos2\alpha=\cos^2\alpha-\sin^2\alpha=(\cos\alpha-\sin\alpha)(\cos\alpha+\sin\alpha)\)
- 代入原式变形:
\(3(\cos\alpha-\sin\alpha)(\cos\alpha+\sin\alpha)=2\sqrt{2}(\sin\alpha+\cos\alpha)\)
移项因式分解: \((\sin\alpha+\cos\alpha)\big[3(\cos\alpha-\sin\alpha)-2\sqrt{2}\big]=0\)
- 分两种情况求解:
- ① 当 \(\boldsymbol{\sin\alpha+\cos\alpha=0}\):两边平方得 \(1+\sin2\alpha=0 \implies \boldsymbol{\sin2\alpha=-1}\)。检验:此时 \(\cos2\alpha=0\),等式左右均为 0,成立。
- ② 当 \(\boldsymbol{3(\cos\alpha-\sin\alpha)=2\sqrt{2}}\),即 \(\cos\alpha-\sin\alpha=\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}\):两边平方:\((\cos\alpha-\sin\alpha)^2=\frac{8}{9} \implies 1-\sin2\alpha=\frac{8}{9} \implies \boldsymbol{\sin2\alpha=\frac{1}{9}}\)。检验:等式左右平方后相等,成立。
综上,\(\boldsymbol{\sin2\alpha=\frac{1}{9}}\) 或 \(\boldsymbol{-1}\)(常规题型取主解 \(\boldsymbol{\frac{1}{9}}\))。
Let \(\boldsymbol{f(x)=\sqrt{1+\sin x}+\sqrt{1-\sin x}}\). Find the range of \(f(x)\).
设函数 \(\boldsymbol{f(x)=\sqrt{1+\sin x}+\sqrt{1-\sin x}}\),求 \(f(x)\) 的值域。
解答
函数值恒非负,对 \(f(x)\) 平方化简: \(\begin{align*} f^2(x)&=\big(\sqrt{1+\sin x}+\sqrt{1-\sin x}\big)^2 \\ &=1+\sin x+1-\sin x+2\sqrt{(1+\sin x)(1-\sin x)} \\ &=2+2\sqrt{1-\sin^2x} \\ &=2+2|\cos x| \end{align*}\)
\(\because |\cos x|\in[0,1]\),\(\therefore f^2(x)\in[2,4]\)。
又 \(f(x)\ge0\),故函数值域为 \(\boldsymbol{[\sqrt{2},\ 2]}\)。
Given \(\boldsymbol{\frac{2\sin\theta+\cos\theta}{\sin\theta-3\cos\theta}=-5}\), find the value of \(\boldsymbol{3\cos2\theta+4\sin2\theta}\).
已知 \(\boldsymbol{\frac{2\sin\theta+\cos\theta}{\sin\theta-3\cos\theta}=-5}\),求 \(\boldsymbol{3\cos2\theta+4\sin2\theta}\) 的值。
解答
- 求正切值分子分母同除以 \(\boldsymbol{\cos\theta}\)(\(\cos\theta\neq0\),否则原式分母为 0,无意义):
\(\frac{2\tan\theta+1}{\tan\theta-3}=-5\)
解方程: \(\begin{align*} 2\tan\theta+1&=-5(\tan\theta-3)\\ 2\tan\theta+1&=-5\tan\theta+15\\ 7\tan\theta&=14\\ \boldsymbol{\tan\theta}&=\boldsymbol{2} \end{align*}\)
- 万能公式求二倍角万能公式:\(\cos2\theta=\frac{1-\tan^2\theta}{1+\tan^2\theta},\quad \sin2\theta=\frac{2\tan\theta}{1+\tan^2\theta}\)代入 \(\tan\theta=2\):\(\cos2\theta=\frac{1-4}{1+4}=-\frac{3}{5},\quad \sin2\theta=\frac{4}{5}\)
- 代入计算
\(3\cos2\theta+4\sin2\theta=3\times\left(-\frac{3}{5}\right)+4\times\frac{4}{5}=\boldsymbol{\frac{7}{5}}\)
2024 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 21
The measures of the smallest angles of three different right triangles sum to
. All three triangles have side lengths that are primitive Pythagorean triples. Two of them are
and
. What is the perimeter of the third triangle?

答案是154.前两个角嗯因为已经知道三边长所以说肯定能算出来正切值。那么用三角函数就能算出来三个角的正切值的和通过三角函数变形就可以算出来了
2024 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 22
Let
be a triangle with integer side lengths and the property that
. What is the least possible perimeter of such a triangle?

首先呢先通过正弦定理,跟二倍角公式能算出cosA和a b边的比值关系
然后呢通过cos law, 又可以得到cosA三边a b c的关系
两个cosA相等,就能得到三边的关系式,进行因式分解,然后分情况讨论整数变长
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